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选取云南省4个代表性葡萄产区,以1982—2011年30年间的气象资料为基础,利用FAO推荐的Penman-Monteith方法及其提供的基础作物系数计算作物需水量,结合生育期内降雨量计算作物水分亏缺指数(CWDI)并对其进行分析;利用线性倾向估计方法对不同生育阶段内CWDI的年际变化趋势进行了研究;结合农业干旱等级,对葡萄不同生育阶段不同程度干旱发生频率进行了统计和分析,以研究云南葡萄产区的干旱时空分布特征。结果表明:4个产区的CWDI走势均呈倾斜的“Z”型,且宾川、元谋、弥勒3个地区5月中旬以前CWDI值均较高,葡萄生长中期CWDI值较低;4个地区葡萄生长末期的CWDI值呈上升趋势,而其它时段大部分呈下降趋势,但升降趋势大多不显著;生长前期的特旱发生频率较高,生长中后期不同干旱程度发生频率均较低。
Based on the meteorological data of the past 30 years from 1982 to 2011, the Penman-Monteith method recommended by FAO and the basic crop coefficient provided by the FAO were selected to calculate the crop water requirement. Based on the rainfall during the growth period The index of CWDI was calculated and analyzed. The linear trend estimation method was used to study the interannual variation trend of CWDI in different growth stages. Combining with the agricultural drought level, the frequency of drought at different stages of grape growth Statistics and analysis were carried out to study the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of drought in Yunnan grape producing areas. The results showed that the CWDI trends of all four producing areas showed a tilted “Z” shape, and the CWDI values were higher in the three areas of Binchuan, Yuanmou and Maitreya before the middle of May, while the CWDI value in the middle of grape growth stage was lower; 4 The CWDI value of the grape growing stage increased at the end of the year, while most of the other periods showed a downward trend, but the up-down tendency was not significant at most of the growing stages. The frequency of the special drought in the early growing stage was higher and the frequency of the different drought stages in the late growing stage was lower.