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在西方公共经济学中,政府是公共经济活动最重要的主体,其首要职能就是把维护统治阶级的统治作为公共产品提供给统治阶级。而在统治阶级内部也会进一步进行分工,形成专门从事国家事务的官僚集团,其具有同授权给他们的人相对立的特殊利益。资本主义的历史使命使得生产力获得了极大的提高,一旦劳动可以平等地、无例外地分配给一切社会成员,则不仅资产阶级是多余的,官僚集团也是多余的。而资本主义社会的“市场失灵”不可能通过引入维护资本主义生产方式的资产阶级政府来弥补。因而,正确处理政府与市场的关系必须坚持唯物史观,也即中国政府在干预和引导市场时必须坚持以公有制为主体,以国家宏观计划调控为导向,只有这样才能实现资本主义市场经济从来没有做到也不可能做到的共同富裕。
In western public economics, the government is the most important subject of public economic activities. Its primary function is to provide the ruling class with the ruling class as the public product. Further division of labor within the ruling class will lead to the formation of bureaucratic groups specializing in state affairs, which have the special interests opposed to those authorized to them. The historical mission of capitalism has brought about a tremendous increase in the productive forces. Once the labor can be distributed to all members of the society equally and without exception, not only the bourgeoisie is superfluous but also the bureaucratic groups are superfluous. The “market failure” of capitalist society can not be remedied by introducing a bourgeois government that upholds the capitalist mode of production. Therefore, to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market, we must adhere to the materialistic conception of history. That is, the Chinese government must adhere to the principle of public ownership as the main body and the macro-planning of the state as the guide if the Chinese government intervenes and guides the market. Only in this way can the capitalist market economy never be realized The common prosperity that can not be achieved.