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1.1 双水相系统概述包括精馏、吸收、萃取、蒸发、结晶在内的传统分离技术有三大特点:分离过程伴随有相的变化,筛分过程不能实现分子级别的分离,精制过程成本极高,这些特征对于节约能源、生物分离、环境保护、资源开发、替代能源、高纯材料等当代化学工程与科学技术发展极不适应.围绕以上三个问题的研讨就构成了分离技术研究与发展的主流,也即是新型分离技术产生与崛起之背景.其中双水相分配技术(ATPP)就是近年来发展起来的有望用于大规模提取和纯化生物活性物质的新型分离方法之一.所谓双水相系统(ATPS),就是把两种聚合物或一种聚合物与一种盐的水溶液混合在一起,由于聚合物与聚合物间或聚合物与盐间两者的不相容性,待静止后就会分为互不相溶的两相.已有的研究报告表明,双水相系统含水量高(70%～90%),作用条件温和;界面张力小(10~(-4)～10~(-7)N/m);处理量大,可连续操作,易于放大,愈来愈受到人们的关注.
1.1 Two-phase aqueous system overview The traditional separation technology including rectification, absorption, extraction, evaporation and crystallization has three major characteristics: the separation process is accompanied by the phase change, the separation process can not achieve molecular separation and the purification process is very expensive , These characteristics are extremely unsuitable to the contemporary chemical engineering and the development of science and technology such as energy conservation, biological separation, environmental protection, resource development, alternative energy and high purity materials, etc. The discussions on the above three issues constitute the research and development of separation technology The mainstream, that is, the background of the emergence and emergence of a new separation technology, in which the dual-phase distribution technology (ATPP) is developed in recent years is expected to be used for large-scale extraction and purification of bioactive substances, a new separation method. Phase system (ATPS) is to mix two polymers or a polymer with an aqueous salt solution. Due to the incompatibility between the polymer and the polymer or between the polymer and the salt, after standing still It is divided into two mutually incompatible phases.Recent studies have shown that the aqueous two-phase system has a high water content (70% -90%) and a mild interaction condition. The interfacial tension is small (10-4) 10 ~ (-7) N / m); processing capacity, can be operated continuously, easily scalable, more and more people’s attention.