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目的了解宁夏南部山区6~12岁回、汉族学生患龋状况,为有效开展龋病防治提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取宁夏南部山区6个区县12所小学2 907名6~12岁小学生进行龋病流行病学调查。结果 6~12岁学生总患龋率为60.7%,龋均为(1.76±2.08),龋齿充填构成比为1.6%;第一恒磨牙患龋率为26.8%,龋均为(0.45±0.86),龋齿充填构成比为2.4%,窝沟封闭率为6.7%;乳牙患龋率为47.0%,龋均为(1.31±1.87),龋齿充填构成比为1.3%。以上各指标不同民族、年龄、地区间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),城乡、性别之间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。城市学生第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率为10.2%,乡镇学校的窝沟封闭率为0。结论宁夏南部山区6~12岁回、汉族学生患龋率较高,龋齿充填构成比、窝沟封闭率较低,应加强综合干预防龋措施。
Objective To understand the caries status of Han and Hui students from 6 to 12 years old in mountainous area of southern Ningxia and to provide reference for the effective prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of dental caries among 2 907 pupils aged 6-12 in 12 primary schools in 6 districts and counties of southern Ningxia. Results The total caries prevalence rate was 60.7% in children aged 6 to 12 years, with caries (1.76 ± 2.08) and caries filling ratio of 1.6%. The caries prevalence of the first permanent molars was 26.8% and that of caries was (0.45 ± 0.86) , Caries filling ratio was 2.4%, pit and fissure confinement rate was 6.7%; caries rate of primary teeth was 47.0%, caries was (1.31 ± 1.87), caries filling composition ratio was 1.3%. There were significant differences among different nationalities, ages and regions among the above indexes (all P <0.01). There was no significant difference between urban and rural areas (P all> 0.05). The first permanent molars pit in urban students was 10.2% closed, and the pit and ditch closure rate in township schools was zero. Conclusions In the southern mountainous areas of Ningxia, the caries prevalence is high among 6 ~ 12 years old and Han nationality students. The filling ratio of dental caries and pit and fissure confinement rate are lower. Comprehensive measures of caries prevention should be strengthened.