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An unprecedented 1D zigzag chain alkaline earth metal derivative, {[Ba(DMF)3(H2O)2][Ba(DMF)4]2(P2W18O62)}n, (DMF=N, N-dimethyl formamide) containing Dawson heteropolyanion has been successfully synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Two barium cations bridged by three DMF ligands in parallel combination with the Dawson-type heteropolyanion [P2W18O62]6- and then the resulting subunits {[Ba(DMF)4]2(P2W18O62)}2+ are alternately linked together via another [Ba(DMF)3(H2O)2]2+ ions, constructing a 1D zigzag chain architecture.