论文部分内容阅读
1.计划经济是产品经济的派生特征。计划经济作为一种经济制度,它是由产品经济决定和派生的。通过经典作家的有关论述看,计划经济的生存条件是社会占有一切生产资料,劳动和其他生产要素由社会中心统一调配和使用,不需要价值插手其间。在这样的基础上,由社会中心对整个国民经济实行计划调节。马恩设想的整个社会经济发展的“计划性”是他们设想的产品经济得以运转的唯一机制,或者说,高度集中的分配性计划或统一调拨一切生产资料和直接分配一切消费品是产品经济制度中一个不可分割的组成部分。换句话说,没有产品经济,就没有计划经济;反之,没有计划经济,也不存在产品经济。因此,把计划经济从产品经济中分离出来(或把市场经济从商品经济中分离出来)的说法是缺乏说服力的。2.无论是传统的计划经济,还是有计划的商品经济,我们认为都不应孤立地评价谁优谁劣。从我国的实践情况看,传统计划经济(产品经济)的特点在于“死”,而实行有计划的商品经济模式的结果表现在
1. The planned economy is a derivative of the product economy. As a kind of economic system, planned economy is decided and derived from product economy. Through the discussion of classic writers, the living conditions of a planned economy are that the society has all the means of production in its possession, and that labor and other factors of production are uniformly allocated and used by the social centers without the need of adding value. On this basis, the social center will carry out the plan adjustment of the entire national economy. The “plan” of Marx's entire social and economic development as envisaged is the only mechanism for the product economy to operate as envisaged. In other words, the highly centralized distribution plan or the unified transfer of all means of production and the direct distribution of all consumer goods are the products of the economic system An integral part. In other words, there is no planned economy without a product economy; on the other hand, there is no planned economy or a product economy. Therefore, the argument that the planned economy is separated from the product economy (or the market economy from the commodity economy) is not convincing. 2. In both the traditional planned economy and the planned commodity economy, we do not think we should judge who is superior or inferior in isolation. Judging from the practice in our country, the traditional planned economy (product economy) is characterized by “death”, and the result of the planned mode of commodity economy is manifested in