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直肠给药途径可以避免口服给药存在的一些缺点,如可以减少或消除某些药物的首过代谢作用。实验证明,某些药物(肽类和抗生素)的直肠给药,由于吸收促进剂的应用,能显著增加吸收,效果比用同样促进剂口服给药的大得多。本文概述直肠给药治疗的经验并讨论它的效能和应用范围,特别涉及应用吸收促进剂的结果。吸收促进剂的分类曾发现许多化合物有增加药物的直肠吸收作用,这些吸收促进剂常分为表面活性剂或非表面活性剂。其分类见下表。螯合剂螯合剂对许多生物膜及膜-结合系统的结构和功能具有广泛的作用。
Rectal routes of administration avoid some of the disadvantages of oral administration, such as reducing or eliminating the first-pass metabolism of certain drugs. Experiments have shown that rectal administration of certain drugs (peptides and antibiotics) can significantly increase absorption due to the use of absorption enhancers, much more than orally administered with the same accelerator. This article summarizes the experience with rectal dosing and discusses its efficacy and range of applications, and in particular the results with the use of absorption enhancers. Absorption enhancers have been found in many classes of compounds that have increased rectal absorption. These absorption enhancers are often classified as surfactants or non-surfactants. The classification of the table below. Chelator chelators have a wide range of roles in the structure and function of many biofilms and membrane-bound systems.