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剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)是一种有毒甲藻,近年在我国沿海已经爆发过藻华,值得关注。本文研究了剧毒卡尔藻对不同粒径、不同营养级的几种海洋生物褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)、卤虫(Artemia salina)、黑褐新糠虾(Neomysis awatschensis)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)存活及摄食的影响。研究发现:该藻对轮虫、卤虫存活影响较大,对黑褐新糠虾存活的影响较小,对中华哲水蚤存活几乎无影响。48 h,对轮虫的半数致死密度LC50≈3400 cells/m L;96 h对卤虫的半数致死密度为LC50≈4800 cells/m L;对黑褐新糠虾的半数致死密度为LC50≈89000 cells/m L;在89000 cells/m L的藻密度下,中华哲水蚤存活率约为80%。该藻不同组分对实验生物的影响是不同的,细胞破碎液对轮虫、黑褐新糠虾的影响最大;细胞外液对卤虫的影响最大。该藻对生物的摄食影响则发现,24 h内,轮虫、卤虫、中华哲水蚤均摄食该藻,且3种生物的摄食率随着藻密度增高而增加。可见,剧毒卡尔藻对不同生物的影响不同,其现场藻密度一般可达到104cells/m L,对轮虫、卤虫存活影响很大;该藻对生物有不同的致毒机制和致毒途径。结果表明:该藻藻华爆发,可能会对浮游生态系统产生较大影响;研究有害藻对不同粒径、不同营养级生物的影响,才可以更全面的反映出它对生态系统的危害。
Karlodinium veneficum is a kind of poisonous dinoflagellates. In recent years, algal blooms have emerged in the coastal areas of our country, which deserves our attention. In this paper, we studied the toxicity and toxicity of Caldarium algae to several species of marine organisms, Brachionus plicatilis, Artemia salina, Neomysis awatschensis, Effect of Calanus sinicus survival and feeding. The study found that: the algae rotifers, Artemia survived a greater impact on the survival of the new brown muskmelon little impact on the survival of Cyathecium Little has no effect. 48 h, the median lethal density of rotifers was LC50 ≈ 3400 cells / m L; the median lethal density of Artemia was 96 days LC50≈4800 cells / m L; the half lethal density of M. reniformis was LC50 ≈89000 cells / m L; At a density of 89000 cells / m L, the survival rate of Daphnia Chinese flea was about 80%. The different components of the algae on the impact of experimental organisms are different, the cell disruption fluid on rotifers, New brown muskmelon the greatest impact; extracellular fluid Artemia maximum impact. The algae on the feeding of animals found that, within 24 h, rotifers, Artemia, Calanus sinicus feeding on the algae, and three kinds of organisms feeding rate increases with the increase of algal density. It can be seen that the highly toxic Caldwell has different effects on different organisms. The density of algae in the field can generally reach 104 cells / m L, which greatly affects the survival of rotifers and brine shrimp. The algae have different mechanisms of toxicity and pathogenicity toward organisms . The results showed that the outbreak of algae algal blooms may have a greater impact on planktonic ecosystems. Studying the impact of harmful algae on organisms of different particle sizes and different trophic levels can more fully reflect its harm to the ecosystem.