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鉴于饮水受到有机诱变物的污染,对居民健康存在着潜在的危险性。作者对四型家用净水器和水煮沸处理法在去除或降低水质诱变性的效果方面进行了观察。试验是将各种类型净水器的过滤水或煮沸水各40L通过XAD-2树脂浓缩,用Ames法测定其诱变性,并进行了效果比较。实验结果表明,自来水对TA98和TA100菌株具有直接和间接诱变性,并以对TA98不加S_9的检测更为敏感。经过Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型净水器过滤水的直接和间接诱变性的测定发现均有极明显的降低,并已基本达到了诱变性转为阴性的结果。经Ⅳ型净水器过滤的水,对TA98菌株的直接和间接诱变性虽有明显减弱,但结果仍为阳性;而对TA100菌株的直接和间接诱变性则与自来水无显著差别,故Ⅳ型净水器对去除水诱变性的效果不明显。水煮沸处理,同样有降低饮水诱变性(直接和间接)的作用,但结果仅部分转为阴性,故水煮沸法的去除诱变性作用不如前三个型号的家用净水器理想。目前应该一方面提倡使用质量较好的净水器,另一方面提倡饮用煮沸水,并不断改进和提高去除诱变物的功能。
In view of the fact that drinking water is contaminated by organic mutagens, there is a potential risk to the health of residents. The authors observed the effects of four types of domestic water purifiers and water boil-off methods in removing or reducing water-borne mutagenicity. Test is to filter the water of various types of water or boiling water 40L by XAD-2 resin concentration, with Ames method to determine the mutagenicity, and the effect was compared. The experimental results showed that tap water had direct and indirect mutagenicity on TA98 and TA100 strains, and was more sensitive to TA98 without S_9. The results of direct and indirect mutagenicity tests of water filtered through Type I, II and III water purifiers showed a very significant reduction, and basically reached the result of mutagenicity to negative. The water filtered by the type Ⅳ water purifier showed a significant decrease in the direct and indirect mutagenicity of the TA98 strain, but the result was still positive. However, the direct and indirect mutagenicity of the TA100 strain was not significantly different from tap water Type Ⅳ water purifier to remove water mutagenic effect is not obvious. Boiled water treatment, also reduce the mutagenicity of drinking water (direct and indirect) role, but the result is only partially turned negative, so the water boil method to remove mutagenicity is not as good as the first three models of domestic water purifier ideal. At present, we should advocate the use of water purifiers of good quality. On the other hand, we advocate drinking boiled water and continuously improve and enhance the function of removing mutagens.