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作为太湖平原的重要组成部分,宋代以来的浙西杭嘉湖地区,是一个统一的区域共同体。水利从来都是这里核心的公共事业。但在其区域内部,所存在的环境分异与不同的水利惯行,对地方民生与政府调控产生着深刻影响。按照传统治水理论的分划,这里处在一个明显的治水工作之过渡地带,湖州和嘉兴部分地区,完全处在治水的核心,杭州的不少山区已退居于治水之边缘地带,其重要性无法与滨太湖地区相颉颃。从明清以来江南地区的治水来看,浙西等地有着相当成熟的理论和实践。平原水乡与低丘生活区的水利设施,如堰、坝、水塘、溇港等,特别需要长期的有效维续。从明代至民国,水利的规划与实践趋向组织化,而民间的声音仍需通过士绅代表方能纳入官方的视野,各县的水利动议与经费调配在省级政府的统筹背景下,开始自理各地水利,这是现代国家建立后与传统时代的巨大不同。
As an important part of the Taihu Plain, the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou area in the west of Song Dynasty has been a unified regional community. Water conservancy has always been the core of public utilities here. However, within the region, the existing environmental differences and different habits of water conservancy have a profound impact on local people’s livelihood and government regulation and control. According to the traditional division of water management theory, there is an obvious transitional zone for flood control work. Huzhou and Jiaxing are completely at the core of flood control. Many mountainous areas in Hangzhou have retreated to the edge of flood control and their importance Unable to compete with Bin Tai Lake area. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties flood control point of view, western Zhejiang and other places have a very mature theory and practice. Water facilities in plain water areas and low-rise living areas such as weirs, dams, reservoirs and port areas require special and long-term effective maintenance. From the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China, the planning and practice of water conservancy tended to be organized. However, civil voices still needed to be included into the official view through the representatives of the gentry. Water conservancy initiatives and allocations of funds in various counties started to take care of themselves under the overall coordination of the provincial government Water conservancy is a huge difference from the traditional era after the establishment of the modern state.