病历摘要例一:男性,11岁。入院半年前,开始出现滞呆,声粗,喜睡,智力减退。入院前一周发生频繁呕吐、抽搐。体检:神清,表情淡漠,面部有散在性痤疮,喉结明显。躯干肥胖,四肢相应较小。阴毛多而长,阴茎似成人,睾丸与同龄儿童大小相似。右侧中枢性面瘫,右侧肌力稍低,双侧巴彬氏征可疑。头颅片:符合高颅压X线征。入院后第五天突然烦燥不安,四肢抽描,头往后仰,口吐白沫,经抢救无效死亡。尸检:脑膜光滑,脑回变宽,脑沟变窄,大脑两半球不对称。左侧大脑半球肿大,比右侧大脑半球长1厘米。切面见一肿瘤,主要位于左侧丘脑部,近似圆球形,未见明显包膜,大部分界限清楚。前端达侧脑室前角,后端抵丘脑枕部,向上凸入侧脑室前角及 Case Summary 1: Male, 11 years old. Six months before admission, began to appear stagnation, thick sound, like to sleep, mental retardation. Frequent vomiting, convulsions in the week before admission. Physical examination: God clear expression indifference, facial scattered acne, Adam’s apple obvious. Trunk obesity, correspondingly smaller limbs. More pubic hair and long, adult penis, testis and children of similar size. Right side of the central paralysis, right lower muscle strength, bilateral Papin’s sign suspicious. Cranial films: in line with high intracranial pressure X-ray sign. On the fifth day after admission, he was suddenly fretted, his limbs were drawn, his head turned backwards, his mouth frothy and died after being rescued. Autopsy: smooth meninges, widening of the brain back, sulci narrowing, the two hemispheres of the brain asymmetric. The left hemisphere of the brain enlargement, 1 cm longer than the right hemisphere. See a tumor section, mainly located in the left thalamus, approximately spherical, no significant capsule, most of the boundaries clear. Front of up to the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, the posterior end of the hypothalamus pillow, upward convex into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle and