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为提高杂交大豆的制种产量,本文研究繁种中杂交大豆父母本种植方式、人工疏叶和传粉昆虫对制种产量的影响。结果表明,父母本同穴混合种植,能够提高昆虫的异交传粉几率,显著提高不育系的单株结荚数量,比传统的父母本1∶1成行种植提高20.40%(蜜蜂传粉)和30.52%(苜蓿切叶蜂传粉),其中苜蓿切叶蜂的传粉效率显著高于蜜蜂。在大豆开花期间疏父母本整株三出复叶中的两个小叶片,改变叶片的空间分布,可显著提高不育系的结荚率,使JLCMS9A和JLCMS4A两个不育系结荚率分别达到24.1%和65.3%,比对照提高了68.82%和54.01%。
In order to improve the seed yield of hybrid soybean, this paper studied the effects of parental planting mode, leaf-dwarfing and pollinators on the seed yield of hybrid soybean. The results showed that the mixed cultivation of parents with the same hole could increase the probability of outcrossing and pollination of insects and significantly increase the number of pods per plant of the male sterile line, which increased by 20.40% (bee pollination) and 30.52 % (Alfalfa cut leaf bee pollinator), of which the pollination efficiency of alfalfa leaf-cut bee was significantly higher than that of bees. During the flowering period of soybean, the two small leaves of three out of the compound leaves of the sparse parent parents changed the spatial distribution of the leaves, which could significantly increase the pod rate of the sterile lines and make the pod rates of the two CMS lines JLCMS9A and JLCMS4A Reaching 24.1% and 65.3%, 68.82% and 54.01% higher than the control.