重商主义既是一种经济学说,更是一种经济政策,分早期重商主义和晚期重商主义,出现于15—16世纪资本主义原始积累早期阶段。直到17世纪上半期,这个学说和政策都还在盛行,也对世界经济格局产生了巨大作用。17世纪后,这个学派遭到了自亚当·斯密以后的经济学者的批判,其政策也逐渐受到西方大国的扬弃。但是重商主义的影响却相当深远,许多国家以后的经济政策都不知不觉、或多或少带有重商主义的色彩,只是不肯承认罢了。但是,这种政策带来的不仅 Mercantilism was not only an economic theory but also an economic policy. It was divided into early mercantilism and late mercantilism and emerged in the early stages of the primitive accumulation of capitalism in the 15th and 16th centuries. Until the first half of the seventeenth century, the doctrine and policies were still prevalent, and they also had a huge effect on the world economic pattern. After the 17th century, this school was criticized by economists after Adam Smith and its policy was gradually subdued by Western powers. However, the influence of mercantilism has been rather far-reaching. Many countries’ future economic policies are unknowingly more or less mercantilist, and they just refuse to admit it. However, this policy brings not only