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目的在扩大国家免疫规划实施以后,采取措施提高新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率水平。方法对调查资料利用SPSS 12.0统计软件进行分析。结果庆阳市对新生儿乙肝疫苗接种工作采取综合干预措施后,使乙肝疫苗全程接种率和首针及时接种率分别由2003年的65.78%、33.90%上升到2007年的98.51%、77.99%,结果差异均有统计学意义(χ2=7 166.43,P<0.000 1;χ2=8 228.24,P<0.005)。乙肝表面抗原携带率由2003年的3.93%下降到2007年的0.97%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.57,P<0.05)。育龄妇女乙肝防制知识知晓率由2003年的11.00%上升到2007年的78.33%(χ2=275.16,P<0.000 1)。结论各级政府要将新生儿乙肝疫苗接种工作纳入目标考核,加强流动人口孕产妇登记管理,医疗卫生机构要掌握孕产妇底数,对在家出生新生儿实行首针乙肝疫苗预约接种。
Objective After expanding the implementation of national immunization programs, take measures to improve the level of newborn hepatitis B vaccination rates. Methods The survey data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 statistical software. Results Qingyang City, comprehensive interventions for newborns with hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B vaccine and the first vaccination coverage rate from 65.78% and 33.90% in 2003 to 98.51% and 77.99% respectively in 2007, The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 7 166.43, P <0.0001; χ2 = 8 228.24, P <0.005). The carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen decreased from 3.93% in 2003 to 0.97% in 2007, with a significant difference (χ2 = 5.57, P <0.05). The awareness of hepatitis B control among women of childbearing age increased from 11.00% in 2003 to 78.33% in 2007 (χ2 = 275.16, P <0.0001). Conclusions Governments at all levels should incorporate newborns’ hepatitis B vaccination work into the target assessment, strengthen the registration and management of pregnant women in floating population, medical and health institutions should grasp the numbers of pregnant women and maternity wards, and make an appointment for the first-dose hepatitis B vaccine for newborns born at home.