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本试验旨在探索饲料中胆汁酸添加水平对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、形体指标及体成分的影响。以360尾健康、平均体重为(12.74±0.14)g的齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼为试验对象,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。4组试验鱼分别投喂添加0(对照组)、75、150、300 mg/kg胆汁酸的试验饲料,养殖时间为70 d。结果表明:随着胆汁酸添加水平的增加,齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料蛋白质效率(PER)均呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,饲料系数(FCR)则呈先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势。各胆汁酸添加组的WGR、SGR、PER均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而FCR则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。当胆汁酸添加水平为150 mg/kg时,WGR、SGR均达到最大值,分别为226.63%和1.69%/d;当胆汁酸添加水平为300 mg/kg时,PER达到最大值,为1.64%;FCR则在胆汁酸添加水平为75 mg/kg时有最小值,为1.56。通过二次回归分析可知,WGR、SGR、PER和FCR最佳时的胆汁酸添加水平分别为186.83、192.86、166.67和183.33 mg/kg。随着胆汁酸添加水平的增加,齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼的肥满度(CF)呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,脏体比(VSI)、肝体比(HSI)则呈先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势。各胆汁酸添加组的CF显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而VSI、HSI则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。随着胆汁酸添加水平的增加,齐口裂腹鱼全鱼及肌肉粗蛋白质含量呈先升高后趋于稳定的变化趋势,全鱼、肌肉及肝胰脏中粗脂肪含量则呈先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势,但全鱼及肌肉中水分、粗灰分含量则无显著变化(P>0.05)。由此得出,饲料中添加胆汁酸能有效地提高齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼的饲料利用率,促进其生长,改善其形体指标,减少其肌肉及肝脏中脂肪的沉积。综合考虑,齐口裂腹鱼饲料中胆汁酸适宜的添加水平为166.67~192.86 mg/kg。
The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary bile acid supplementation on the growth performance, body composition and body composition of juvenile crabfish. A total of 360 healthy, mean body weight (12.74 ± 0.14) g juvenile Schizothorax was used as experimental subjects and randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group, each with 30 replicates. Four groups of experimental fish were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 75,150 and 300 mg / kg bile acids, respectively, for 70 days. The results showed that with the increase of bile acid level, WGR, SGR and PER of juvenile hatchlings increased first and then stabilized The trend of change, feed coefficient (FCR) was the first to reduce the tendency to stabilize. The WGR, SGR and PER of each bile acid addition group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05), while the FCR was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). When the bile acid supplementation level was 150 mg / kg, the WGR and SGR reached their maximum values of 226.63% and 1.69% / d, respectively, and reached the maximum value of 1.64% when the bile acid supplementation level was 300 mg / kg. ; FCR at the bile acid addition level of 75 mg / kg when the minimum value of 1.56. Through the second-order regression analysis, we found that the optimum levels of WGR, SGR, PER and FCR were 186.83, 192.86, 166.67 and 183.33 mg / kg, respectively. With the increase of bile acid level, the CF of juvenile Chi schizochytrium first increased and then tended to be stable. The VSI and HSI showed First reduce the tendency to stabilize after the trend. The CF of each bile acid addition group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05), while the VSI and HSI levels were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). With the increase of bile acid level, the contents of crude protein and protein in whole muscle and muscle of S. crassipes first increased and then stabilized. The content of crude fat in whole fish, muscle and hepatopancreas decreased first (P> 0.05). However, there was no significant change in the water and crude ash content of whole fish and muscle (P> 0.05). It was concluded that the addition of bile acids in feed could effectively improve feed utilization rate, promote its growth, improve its physical indexes and reduce the fat deposition in muscle and liver. Taken together, the appropriate dietary levels of bile acids in the foraging juveniles were 166.67-192.86 mg / kg.