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目的了解乐山市传染病的疾病谱变迁趋势,为政府制订防制对策提供科学依据。方法利用乐山市1950-2009年的传染病疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析传染病的疾病谱变迁趋势。结果传染病发病率20世纪50～80年代自然疫源性及虫媒居首位,90年代变迁为肠道占第1位,2000-2009年再变迁为呼吸道居首位;死亡率50～70年代儿童呼吸道占第1位,80～90年代变迁为自然疫源性及虫媒居首位,2000-2009年再变迁为血源及性传播占第1位。80年代以后儿童传染病得到有效控制,而肺结核、乙型肝炎、淋病、梅毒、HIV/AIDS等发病率呈大幅度上升。结论乐山市传染病防治形势仍然严峻,政府切实履行职能,加大传染病防控经费投入,提高专业机构疫情预测预报水平和对突发公共卫生事件的应急处理能力,是乐山市传染病防制的重要策略和措施。
Objective To understand the changing trend of disease spectrum of infectious diseases in Leshan City and provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemic data of infectious diseases in Leshan from 1950 to 2009 were used to analyze the epidemiological changes of infectious diseases using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The incidence of infectious diseases was the first in natural foci and insect vectors in 1950s-1980s in the 20th century. In the 1990s, the number of intestines was the No.1, and the respiratory tract was the first among 2000-2009. The mortality rate was 50-70 Childhood respiratory tract accounted for the first one, from the 80s to the 90s change for natural foci and insect vector first place, 2000-2009 and then change to blood and sexual transmission accounted for first place. Children’s infectious diseases have been effectively controlled since the 1980s, while the incidence of tuberculosis, hepatitis B, gonorrhea, syphilis and HIV / AIDS have risen sharply. Conclusions The situation of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in Leshan City is still grim. The government earnestly performs its functions, increases funding for prevention and control of infectious diseases, and improves the forecast and forecasting level of epidemic situation in specialized agencies and the emergency handling capacity for public health emergencies. The important strategy and the measure.