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感激原则是一种很常见的道德原则,它所产生的感激义务也历来受到日常道德观念和道德哲学家的重视,但是对感激义务本身进行详细讨论的文献却不多见。产生感激义务的行为必须满足一些基本条件,其中最重要的是行为者对他人的关心;不过,某些具体情况下是否能产生感激义务的问题是很复杂的。感激义务是一种比较特别的道德要求,它具有一些与一般的道德要求不同的特点。与严格意义上的“义务”和“责任”相比,感激义务既有“义务”的某些特点,也在某些方面具有“责任”的特点,但又与二者不完全相同;同时,感激原则与公平原则也不完全一样。
The principle of gratitude is a very common moral principle, and the gratitude and obligation it generates has always been valued by the daily moral values and moral philosophers, but there is not much literature on the gratitude and obligation itself. There are some basic conditions that must be met to generate gratitude. The most important one is the actor’s concern for others; however, the issue of whether gratitude can be given in some specific situations can be complicated. Gratitude is a special moral requirement that has characteristics that are different from the general ethical requirements. Compared with the “obligation” and “responsibility” in the strict sense, the obligation of gratitude has some characteristics of “obligation ” and “” responsibility "in some aspects, The two are not exactly the same; at the same time, the principle of gratitude and fairness are not exactly the same.