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自体静脉是中小动脉重建的首选材料。自体静脉移植干动脉环境后发生创伤愈合性和适应性组织学改变,其演变趋势是新生血管内皮细胞的再增殖和内膜下层肌内膜细胞的游移、堆积形成不断增厚的新内膜;中膜在部份平滑肌细胞坏死后出现纤维细胞和胶原组织替代性增生;外膜通过血管滋养管再生及纤维疤痕组织增生逐渐和周围移植床连接。在此过程中,无论是移植早期的血栓形成,还是移植中晚期的内膜增生和粥样硬化,均严重影响着移植通畅率。
Autologous vein is the preferred material for reconstruction of small and medium arteries. Wound healing and adaptive histological changes occurred after autologous vein transplantation of arterial environment. The evolution trend was the reemergence of neovascular endothelial cells and the migration of endometrial cells in the subendothelium, which formed a new thickened neointima. The mesangial fibroblasts and collagen tissue appeared hyperplasia after partial smooth muscle cell necrosis. The adventitial membrane was gradually connected with the surrounding transplanted bed through the regeneration of vascular nodules and fibrous scar tissue hyperplasia. In this process, whether it is early thrombosis, or advanced intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis, have a serious impact on graft patency.