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用反相乳液聚合直接合成了具有高电流变（ＥＲ）活性的聚甲基丙烯酸盐（ＳＰＭＡＡ）的悬浮液。研究了影响ＥＲ效应的因素。结果表明：ＥＲ液的屈服应力（τ_ｓ）随聚合时稳定剂和交联剂的用量及位于含水量的增加出现一最大值；同时，τ_ｓ随ＥＲ液中粒径和粒子聚合物链上含盐重复单元的摩尔比的增加而增加．不同反离子ＳＰＭＡＡ的ＥＲ液τ_ｓ值按Ｌｉ~＋＞Ｎａ~＋＞Ｋ~＋＞ＮＨ_４~＋的顺序降低。并用离子极化机理对实验结果进行了解释，阐明了该体系中的水分在ＥＲ效应中的作用。
A suspension of polymethacrylate (SPMAA) with high electrorheological (ER) activity was directly synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization. The factors that affect ER effect were studied. The results show that the yield stress (τ_s) of ER fluid shows a maximum value as the amount of stabilizer and cross-linking agent increases and the water content increases. At the same time, τ_s increases with the particle size of ER solution and salt The molar ratio of repeating units increases. The τ_s values of ER solution of different counterions SPMAA decreased in the order of Li ~ +> Na ~ +> K ~ +> NH_4 ~ +. The ion polarization mechanism was used to explain the experimental results, and the effect of moisture in the system on the ER effect was clarified.