理查德·扎克斯的《西方文明的另类历史》针对美国文化偶像梭罗从两个方面进行颠覆和揭秘:一是梭罗在瓦尔登湖隐居岁月里并不是独处和自给自足;二是梭罗作为自然之子竟然吃肉。本文通过分析解读《瓦尔登湖》表明理查理·扎克斯的颠覆和揭秘并不成立,他犯的主要错误在于没有进行全面细致的研究,有舍本逐末的倾向,但其价值在于:从多种角度展现历史人物,匡正人类不良嗜好——盲目的英雄崇拜。 Richard Zach’s Alternative History of Western Civilization Against American Cultural Idol Thoreau subverts and reveals two aspects: First, Thoreau was not alone and self-sufficient in the reclusive years of Walden Lake; secondly, Thoreau as a child of nature actually eat meat. This article analyzes “Walden Lake” through analysis and shows that Richard Zach’s subversion and secret are not established. The main mistake he made is that he did not conduct comprehensive and meticulous research, Show historical figures, rectify the bad habits of mankind - blind heroes worship.