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考察了纳米碳纤维(CNF)、活性炭、石墨以及CNF负载磷氧化物催化剂催化丙烷氧化脱氢(ODP)反应性能。采用SEM、HRTEM、XRD、TG和BET表征了催化剂的组成和结构。结果表明炭材料自身对于ODP过程具有较高的活性和选择性,尤其是CNF由于其独特的结构特点更适合用作ODP过程催化剂。负载磷氧化物提高了CNF催化剂的适用温度,并提高了丙烯产得率。以磷酸氢二铵为前驱体,负载于经液相氧化处理的CNF上可以得到高选择性的ODP过程催化剂,在500℃下,丙烷转化率为42.07%时,丙烯选择性达到39.63%。
The catalytic performance of oxidative dehydrogenation (ODP) of propane over carbon nanofibers (CNF), activated carbon, graphite and CNF supported phosphorus oxide catalysts was investigated. The composition and structure of the catalyst were characterized by SEM, HRTEM, XRD, TG and BET. The results show that the carbon material itself has high activity and selectivity for the ODP process. In particular, CNF is more suitable as a catalyst for ODP process due to its unique structural characteristics. The loading of phosphorus oxides increases the applicable temperature of the CNF catalyst and increases the propylene yield. Using diammonium hydrogen phosphate as precursor and supported on liquid phase oxidation of CNF, a highly selective ODP catalyst was obtained. The propylene selectivity reached 39.63% at 500 ℃ and the propane conversion was 42.07%.