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某新型履带车辆在使用一定的摩托小时后,出现了筒式减振器活塞杆断裂故障。为分析故障原因,运用多刚体系统动力学理论建立了该型筒式减振器的动力学模型。减振器模型通过球铰与履带车辆整车模型连接,与实际工况更加接近。根据减振器工作情况确定几种可能的故障原因并分别进行了仿真,利用刚体应力恢复技术获得活塞杆的应力状态。仿真结果分析表明,筒式减振器与平衡肘铰接点存在较大摩擦力或支座中心偏离减振器轴线是造成活塞杆断裂的主要原因。在这两种工况下,活塞杆承受较大的弯曲载荷,且活塞杆杆体出现严重的应力集中,易造成活塞杆疲劳断裂。活塞杆断面微观形貌特征证明了该故障分析方法的可行性和所得结论的可信性。该方法能够快速分析机械系统的故障机理并进行故障再现,为机械系统故障机理分析提供了一个新的技术手段。
A new type of crawler vehicles in the use of a certain motorcycle hours, there has been a piston rod piston rod fracture failure. In order to analyze the cause of failure, the dynamic model of this type of tube shock absorber was established by using multi-body system dynamics theory. The shock absorber model is connected with the entire vehicle model of the tracked vehicle through the ball joint, which is closer to the actual working condition. According to the working condition of the shock absorber, several possible causes of failure were determined and simulated respectively. The stress state of piston rod was obtained by using the rigid body stress recovery technique. The simulation results show that there is a large friction force between the tube damper and the balance elbow hinge or the center of the supporter deviates from the axis of the shock absorber, which is the main reason for the piston rod breaking. In these two conditions, the piston rod to withstand greater bending loads, and the rod rod body serious stress concentration, can easily lead to fatigue fracture of the piston rod. The characteristics of piston rod cross-section micro-morphology prove the feasibility of the failure analysis method and the credibility of the conclusions obtained. The method can quickly analyze the fault mechanism of mechanical system and reproduce the fault, which provides a new technical method for the analysis of mechanical system fault mechanism.