目的 :研究尼莫同对缺氧缺血性脑损伤后大鼠学习和记忆能力及海马胶质细胞的影响 ,并探讨其作用机理。方法 :7日龄新生鼠行左侧颈总动脉结扎后吸入 8%氧气 2小时建立 HIE模型 ,随机取 15只给予尼莫同腹腔注射 ,一日一次 ,共 5天 ;至 80天左右行 Y迷宫测试学习记忆能力 ,然后用 GFAP免疫组化染色标记星形胶质细胞。结果 :HIE组学习和记忆能力明显低于对照 (q=6 .5 2和 4 .2 ,P<0 .0 1和 0 .0 5 ) ,尼莫同可显著提高学习能力 ,而对记忆无明显作用 ;HIE组海马结构辐射层 GFAP阳性细胞的数密度显著高于正常对照组和治疗组 (χ2 =2 .4 7,P<0 .0 5 ) ,其它各层差异不显著。结论 :缺氧缺血性脑损伤可致大鼠学习记忆障碍 ,可能与缺氧缺血后海马结构中胶质细胞改变导致神经元微环境调节能力减退有关 ,尼莫同对脑缺氧缺血有一定的改善作用 Objective: To study the effects of nimotop on learning and memory abilities and hippocampal glial cells in rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and to explore its mechanism. Methods: The 7-day-old newborn rats were subjected to an HIE model by inhalation of 8% oxygen for 2 hours after the ligation of the common carotid artery. Fifteen rats were randomized to receive intraperitoneal injection of nimotone once a day for 5 days. Maze test learning and memory ability, and then astrocytes labeled with GFAP immunohistochemistry. Results: The learning and memory abilities of HIE group were significantly lower than those of the control group (q = 6.52 and 4.2, P <0.01 and 0.55), while nimotime significantly improved learning ability, The number density of GFAP positive cells in the hippocampal formation of hippocampal formation in HIE group was significantly higher than that in normal control group and treatment group (χ2 = 2.47, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in other layers. CONCLUSION: Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage can cause learning and memory impairment in rats, which may be related to the diminished ability of neuron microenvironmental regulation caused by changes of glial cells in hippocampal formation after hypoxia-ischemia. A certain degree of improvement