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针对乔砧老梨园高接换优后因树形不同产生的效益差距问题,通过对4种高接后不同树形乔砧梨园的枝量、冠层透光率、光和参数、叶片养分、产量和品质等相关数据进行了连续两年的调查研究,筛选并确定经济效益较高的适宜树形。研究结果表明:4种树形在总枝量、短枝量及短枝/总枝量基本均衡的前提下,树冠内不同部位的透光率、有效光辐射和叶片的净光合速率、鲜样质量、养分含量均有显著差别,进而导致不同树形间果实产量和品质的差异。综合分析认为,乔砧大冠梨园改造转形宜选单层开心形,而中小冠梨树高接换优宜采用细纺锤形。
In order to solve the problem of difference in efficiency due to different dendrogram height of Qiu an old pear orchard, we analyzed the branch quantity, canopy light transmittance, light and parameter, leaf nutrient, Production and quality of the relevant data for two consecutive years of research, screening and identification of higher economic efficiency suitable tree. The results showed that the light transmittance, effective light radiation and net photosynthetic rate of leaves in different locations of canopy under the premise of the total branch quantity, short branch quantity and short branch / total branch quantity were basically the same There were significant differences in the quality and nutrient contents, which led to the differences in the yield and quality of different tree species. The comprehensive analysis shows that Qiao an dachangguan pear transformation transformation should choose a single layer happy shape, but the small crown pear replacement take advantage of fine spindle shape.