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多年连续秸秆覆盖免耕，０－２０ｃｍ土层土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、有效氮、有效磷含量和土壤蔗糖酶、磷酸酶活性明显提高；免耕能提高表层土壤微生物生物量，０－７．５ｃｍ土层比翻耕处理年平均增高５１．７％。翻耕能增加土壤活跃微生物生物量，０－３０ｃｍ土层翻耕土壤活跃微生物生物量比免耕高２５．３％。０－３０ｃｍ土层微生物对养分的固结量多于作物年吸收量，土壤微生物生物量在春季和秋季即冬小麦生长苗期增大，固结土壤养分，而在夏玉米生长时期的夏季降低，被矿化释放养分，所以微生物对土壤养分转化具有重要的调控作用。
The soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soil invertase and phosphatase activities in 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly increased over the years under no-tillage. Zero-tillage could increase soil microbial biomass, 7.5cm soil layer than the tillage treatment average annual increase of 51.7%. Tillage can increase the active microbial biomass of soils, and the active microbial biomass of tillage soil in 0-30cm soil layer is 25.3% higher than that of no tillage. Soil microbial biomass in 0-30cm soil layer was more than that in crop year, and soil microbial biomass increased in spring and autumn, ie, the growth of winter wheat at seedling stage, soil nutrients were consolidated, but decreased in the summer of summer maize growth stage, It is mineralized to release nutrients, so microorganisms play an important regulatory role in soil nutrient transformation.