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目的了解中国西部14县3岁以下儿童的低体重患病状况,探索儿童低体重危险因素,为改善儿童营养状况提供科学依据。方法采用按容量比例概率抽样法(PPS),于2011年9-10月调查了我国西部14个县2 999名3岁以下儿童看护人并测量了3 051名3岁以下儿童的体重,低体重采用世界卫生组织2006年的标准作为评价标准。结果被调查地区3岁以下儿童的低体重患病率为5.8%,家庭人均年纯收入越高,儿童的低体重患病率越低(趋势χ2=30.729,P<0.001),生活在Ⅳ类农村的儿童的低体重患病率高于生活在Ⅰ、Ⅱ类型农村的儿童,差异有统计学意义(OR=4.14,95%CI:1.88~9.14),膳食摄入没有达到多样性的儿童更易患低体重(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.09~2.43)。结论被调查地区儿童低体重患病状况与以往调查相比有所改善,但仍处于较高水平,改善当地经济状况,同时宣传教育儿童看护人科学合理地喂养儿童是改善被调查地区儿童低体重患病状况的关键。
Objective To understand the prevalence of low birth weight among children under 3 years of age in 14 counties in west China and explore the risk factors of low birth weight in children in order to provide a scientific basis for improving the nutritional status of children. Methods According to the method of volume proportion probability sampling (PPS), 2,999 caregivers of children under 3 years of age in 14 counties in western China were surveyed from September to October 2011, and the body weight and body weight of 3,051 children under 3 years old were measured. WHO 2006 standards as the evaluation criteria. Results The prevalence of low birth weight among children under 3 years of age in the surveyed area was 5.8%. The higher the per capita annual net income was, the lower the prevalence of low birth weight was (χ2 = 30.729, P <0.001) The prevalence of low birth weight among rural children was higher than that of children living in rural areas of type I and II (OR = 4.14, 95% CI: 1.88 to 9.14). Children who did not reach diversified dietary intakes were more likely Suffering from low body weight (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.43). Conclusion The prevalence of low birth weight among children in surveyed areas has been improved compared with previous surveys, but it is still at a relatively high level to improve local economic conditions. At the same time, publicity and education of child care workers to feed their children scientifically and reasonably is to improve the low weight of children in the surveyed areas The key to sickness.