应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）对幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）特异性的尿素酶Ａ基因进行扩增，４０个循环可以检测出１０个ＨＰ，加用非同位素地高辛探针杂交，可以检出单个ＨＰ。用本法对１００例胃镜活检标本进行ＰＣＲ检测，其阳性率达８２％，而尿素酶水解试验，细菌涂片及培养的阳性率则分别为６８％、４６％、１８％。ＰＣＲ方法能快速、敏感，特异地检测出临床标本中ＨＰ，对于研究ＨＰ与上消化道疾病之间的关系，指导抗菌治疗均具有重要意义。 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of H. pylori (HP) specific urease A gene amplification, 40 cycles can detect 10 HP, plus non-isotopic digoxin probe hybridization can be detected Single HP. 100 cases of gastroscopy biopsy specimens were detected by PCR, the positive rate was 82%. The positive rates of urease hydrolysis, bacterial smear and culture were 68%, 46% and 18% respectively. PCR method can detect HP in clinical samples quickly, sensitively and specifically, and is of great significance for studying the relationship between HP and upper gastrointestinal diseases and guiding antibacterial therapy.