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循环核酸是一种细胞外游离状态的核酸,肿瘤患者血浆/血清中存在循环DNA、RNA和微RNA,具有片段小和含量低的特点。采用酚-氯仿抽提、硅胶或者磁珠载体分离法可提取微量的核酸片段,运用荧光分光光度法和PCR技术可观察循环核酸的改变。循环核酸检测可作为一种无创性的检测手段,应用于临床上肿瘤的早期诊断与鉴别、预后判断及疗效观察。
Cyclic nucleic acids are nucleic acids that are found in extracellular free state. Cyclic DNA, RNA, and microRNA are present in the plasma / serum of tumor patients, with small fragments and low content. Trace amount of nucleic acid fragments can be extracted by phenol-chloroform extraction, silica gel or magnetic bead carrier separation method, and the changes of circulating nucleic acids can be observed by fluorescence spectrophotometry and PCR. Cyclic nucleic acid test can be used as a noninvasive means of detection, used in clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cancer, prognosis and efficacy observation.