一、前言关于油田含水原油集输过程中管线结垢与垢害方面的研究,已引起了国内外有关研究人员的重视和注意。国内外研究结果表明,结垢的基本原因是水中结垢离子含量较高,而引起了含水原油集输管线中CaCO_3的结垢。CaCO_3的形成受pH值的影响,而pH值又与溶液中CO_2的数量成比例。系统压力越高,则CO_2的分压也越高。当系统中压力显著下降时(即通过油嘴后),CO_2便从溶液中析出,此时pH值升高,而 CaCO_3结垢。 I. Preface The research on pipeline scaling and scaling in the process of gathering and transportation of oil-bearing crude oil in water has drawn the attention and attention of researchers at home and abroad. The research results at home and abroad show that the basic reason of fouling is the high content of scaling ions in water, which causes the fouling of CaCO_3 in the gathering pipeline of hydrous crude oil. The formation of CaCO 3 is affected by the pH value, which in turn is proportional to the amount of CO 2 in the solution. The higher the system pressure, the higher the partial pressure of CO2. When the pressure in the system drops significantly (ie after passing through the nozzle), CO 2 precipitates out of the solution, at which point the pH rises and CaCO 3 fouls.