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介绍了提示性、报道性及报道－提示性摘要的特点与作用．提示性摘要的主要作用是引导读者决定有无必要再查阅原文；报道性摘要目的是使读者直接了解或引用论文的主要信息；报道－提示性摘要既可以准确、精炼、完整地提供正文中的重要信息，又利于缩短篇幅．根据其作用与特点，作者认为编写论文摘要时应注意：①必须客观地表达原文中心内容并保持其基本信息格调；②紧扣论文主题，不要旁证博引、自我评价，避免一般性叙述及综述内容的出现；③文字应尽量简洁，不宜采用复杂的公式、图表及化学结构式等．本文按照写作要求并结合具体的实例分析，指出学报稿件摘要中的问题在于：①简单地重复论文题名申已提供的信息；②介绍一些浅显的、众所周知的知识；③过多地描述并非论文本身的结果与结论；④超越论文主要结果进行毫无意义的评价与引伸；⑤文字表达错误或含糊不清；⑥摘要字数偏少．所给出的信息不足，无法独立成文．
This paper introduces the characteristics and functions of hints, reports and reports - hints summary. The main purpose of the briefing is to guide the reader to decide whether it is necessary or not to read the original. The purpose of the briefing is to make the reader directly understand or quote the main information of the paper. The report - the abstract can provide the accurate, Important information, but also conducive to shorten the length. According to its function and characteristic, the author thinks that we should pay attention to the abstracts of the essay in writing: (1) we must objectively express the contents of the original text and maintain the basic information style; (2) closely linked to the theme of the essay, The emergence of content; ③ text should be as concise, not using complex formulas, charts and chemical structure and so on. According to the writing requirements and the analysis of concrete examples, this paper points out that the problems in the abstracts of journals are: ① simply repeat the information provided in the title of the essay; ② introduce some simple and well-known knowledge; ③ too much description is not the essay itself Results and conclusions; ④ beyond the main results of the paper to make meaningless evaluation and extension; ⑤ text error or vague expression; Given the lack of information, can not be independently written.