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目的测量后外侧角(PLC)股骨止点和前交叉韧带(ACL)解剖重建股骨隧道外口的位置,以获得详细的解剖学资料,并以此为ACL和PLC一期解剖重建提供解剖依据。方法采用30例新鲜成人尸体膝关节标本。屈膝120°关节镜下经前内辅助入路解剖重建ACL股骨隧道,并用克氏针标记。在膝关节股骨外髁分离出膝关节外侧副韧带(LCL)和腘肌腱(PT)股骨解剖止点。以股骨外上髁为原点,建立x、y垂直坐标轴,测量LCL、PT的股骨解剖中心点和ACL股骨隧道外口在坐标轴的坐标,并测量3点之间的距离。结果 LCL附丽部中心点在股骨外上髁近端(1.27±3.35)mm,后方(2.99±1.29)mm。PT附丽部中心点在股骨外上髁远端(8.85±3.38)mm、后方(3.83±1.95)mm。ACL股骨隧道外口在股骨外上髁近端(16.12±5.34)mm,后方(6.84±4.17)mm。LCL附丽部中心点与PT附丽部中心点相距(9.67±3.92)mm,ACL股骨隧道外口与LCL附丽部中心点相距(13.07±4.93)mm,ACL股骨隧道外口与PT附丽部中心点相距(23.37±6.16)mm。结论揭示了LCL、PT的股骨解剖中心点和ACL股骨隧道外口位置的解剖学特点,为临床一期联合解剖重建提供解剖学依据。
Objective To measure the position of posterior lateral femoral head (ACL) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) anatomical reconstruction of the femoral tunnel to obtain detailed anatomical data, and to provide an anatomic basis for anatomical reconstruction of ACL and PLC. Methods 30 fresh adult cadaver knee specimens were used. Arthroscopic anterior cruciate knee arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL femoral tunnel with knee arthroscopy and Kirschner wire labeling. Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (LCL) and pontine tendons (PT) were dissected at the lateral condyles of the knee joint. With the femoral epicondyle as the origin, the x, y vertical axes were established. The coordinates of the femoral anatomical centers of the LCL and PT and the outer edges of ACL femoral tunnel were measured and the distance between the three points was measured. Results The center of LCL appendix was 1.27 ± 3.35 mm proximal and 2.99 ± 1.29 mm posterior to the epicondyle. The center of PT Liri in the distal femur epicondyle (8.85 ± 3.38) mm, posterior (3.83 ± 1.95) mm. The diameter of the ACL femoral tunnel was 16.12 ± 5.34 mm in the proximal femoral epicondyle and 6.84 ± 4.17 mm in the rear. (9.67 ± 3.92) mm away from the center of PT Li’s appendix, and the distance between the outer edge of ACL femoral tunnel and the center of LCL Lyric (13.07 ± 4.93) mm. The distance between the outer edge of ACL femoral tunnel and the center of PT Li Li (23.37 ± 6.16) mm. Conclusion The anatomical characteristics of the LCL, the femoral anatomic center of PT and the position of the external ostia of the femoral tunnel of ACL were revealed, which provided anatomical basis for clinical phase I joint anatomy and reconstruction.