本文采用激光云纹法,在不同设备上研究了反挤压时凸模挤入阶段的毛坯变形机构,获得U场和V场云纹图形,后通过二次滤波得到清晰度较高的U场和V场峰值云纹图。分析了挤入阶段的毛坯变形区的流动特性、位移场和应变场的分布、以及挤入速度和挤入动态能量对金属流动特性的影响。并指出在机械或冷挤压机上采用合适缓冲参数的缓冲装置,可降低载荷和有利于金属的流动。 In this paper, the laser texturing method was used to study the blank deformation mechanism during the extrusion process of the extrusion die on different equipment. The U-shaped and V-shaped moiré patterns were obtained. The U-field with high resolution And V peak peak moiré. The flow characteristics, the distribution of displacement field and strain field, and the influence of extrusion speed and dynamic intrusion energy on the metal flow characteristics were analyzed. And pointed out that the use of mechanical or cold extrusion machine cushioning device with the appropriate buffer parameters can reduce the load and facilitate the flow of metals.