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目的评价通江河道及河口水利血防工程钉螺控制效果。方法选择老便民河、潘家河和新便民河3项水利血防工程作为研究对象,分别实施河岸硬化+河口溢流坝工程、河岸硬化+河口建闸工程和主河道及部分支流河岸硬化工程。现场观察工程实施前、后工程区及目标保护区钉螺面积和钉螺密度变化,比较不同水利血防工程对通江河道钉螺控制的效果。结果在实施常规药物灭螺条件下,老便民河工程实施后主河道钉螺即被消除,但目标保护区(支流河道及灌区)钉螺仍未能消除;潘家河工程实施后即消除了主河道及支流和灌区钉螺;新便民河工程实施后主河道钉螺面积下降89.22%,支流及灌区钉螺面积则维持不变。结论通江河道河口建闸或溢流坝更有利于工程区及目标保护区钉螺控制,在水位不稳定的通江河道实施水利血防工程应优先考虑控制水位和防止钉螺扩散。
Objective To evaluate the effect of snail control in the water conservancy project of Tongjiang River and its estuary. Methods Three water conservancy and anti-flood projects of LaoPin River, Panjiahe River and XinBoMin River were selected as research objects. The project of river bank sclerosis + estuary overflow dam, river bank hardening + estuary gate construction and main river and some tributaries bank hardening were respectively carried out. On-site observation of the project area and the target area before and after the project snail snail area and density changes, to compare the different water conservancy and blood protection project on the river snail snail control effect. Results Under the condition of conventional drug snail elimination, the snail of the main channel was eliminated after the implementation of the old convenience river project, but the snail of the target protected area (tributary channel and irrigated area) still could not be eliminated. After the implementation of the Panjiahe River Project, the main channel and tributaries were eliminated And snails in the irrigated area. After the implementation of the New Lo Man River Project, the area of snails on the main channel decreased by 89.22% while the area of snails on tributaries and irrigated areas remained unchanged. Conclusion It is more beneficial for snail control in the project area and the target protected area to build gates or spill dam in Tongjiang River estuaries. To control water level and prevent snail spread should be prioritized in implementing water conservancy and blood protection projects in Tongjiang River channel with unstable water level.