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本文研究了β-环糊精(β-CD)及阳离子表面活性剂-β-CD 对 Al(Ⅲ)、Ga(Ⅲ)、In(Ⅲ)的铬天青 S 和埃铬菁 R 体系的作用及有关机理。结果表明,β-CD 对这些体系均无增敏作用、加入 CTMAB 或 CPB 后,产生不同程度的增敏作用,并有如下顺序:In(Ⅲ)-CAS(ECR)>Ga(Ⅲ)-CAS(ECR)>Al(Ⅲ)-CAS(ECR).其原因在于,阳离子表面活性剂的憎水基进入β-CD内腔,而另一端与显色螯合离子缔合,形成包合-缔合“桥式”结构,其极性比单独β-CD 增大,从而产生协同增敏作用。金属离子 In(Ⅲ)的离子半径最大,外层电子为18电子型,与显色剂形成的螫合离子极性也最大,与带异电的阳离子表面活性剂-β-CD 相互极化作用最强,故增敏作用最强。而 Al(Ⅲ)的离子半径最小,电子构型属惰气型,与阳离子表面活性剂-β-CD缔合作用最弱,故增敏作用也最低。
In this paper, the effects of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and cationic surfactant-β-CD on chrome azure S and chrome cyanine R system of Al (Ⅲ), Ga And the relevant mechanism. The results showed that β-CD had no sensitizing effect on these systems. After addition of CTMAB or CPB, it could produce different sensitization effects, with the following order: In (Ⅲ) -CAS (ECR)> Ga (Ⅲ) (ECR)> Al (III) -CAS (ECR). The reason for this is that the hydrophobic group of the cationic surfactant enters the beta-CD lumen and the other end associates with the color-developing chelate ion to form an inclusion- Combined “bridge” structure, its polarity than β-CD alone increased, resulting in synergistic sensitization. The ion radius of the metal ion In (Ⅲ) is the largest, the electron of the outer layer is 18 electron type, and the color of the complex ion is also the largest, which is mutually polarized with the charged cationic surfactant -β-CD Strongest, so the role of the strongest sensitization. However, the ion radius of Al (Ⅲ) is the smallest, the electron conformation is of inert gas type, and the interaction with cationic surfactant-β-CD is the weakest, so the sensitization effect is the lowest.