传统上通常以发病率或死亡率等指标来评价人群的健康状况，并以此作为制定卫生政策的依据。随着社会的发展，人们逐步意识到健康是一个复杂而又抽象的生物学现象和社会现象，它具有质和量的双重属性。而传统指标仅说明健康状况的某一侧面，不能全面反映疾病对健康的危害程... Traditionally, indicators such as morbidity or mortality have been used to evaluate the health status of the population as a basis for formulating health policies. With the development of society, people gradually realize that health is a complex and abstract biological phenomenon and social phenomenon. It has the dual attributes of quality and quantity. The traditional indicators only illustrate a certain aspect of the health status and cannot fully reflect the health hazards of the disease...