科学学派即科学家创造性的专业集体,对科学发展具有巨大的意义。例如物理学方面,曾为建立量子物理学基础起过卓越作用的玻尔理论学派,开创了核物理学的卢瑟福学派,对苏联物理学作过重大贡献的约飞学派以及列别捷夫学派、安德罗诺夫学派、朗道学派、罗日杰斯特文斯基学派、塔姆学派、曼杰利什塔姆学派等等就是明显的例子。研究科学团体的创造性活动,研究科学中学派的创立、形成和发展,近来受到科学史家、科学管理 Scientific school is a creative professional group of scientists, has great significance for scientific development. For example, in physics, the Bohr theory school, which had played a prominent role in establishing the basis of quantum physics, the Rutherford school of nuclear physics, the Yoyo school who made significant contributions to Soviet physics, and the Lebescher school The Andronov School, the Landau School, the Rogers Jestedtsky School, the Tham School, the Manjrishitam School, and so forth are just some of the obvious examples. To study the creative activities of scientific communities, to study the founding, formation and development of schools of science, and recently subject to scientific historians, scientific management