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胸腔积液是临床常见的一种并发症,基于诊断或治疗的目的,常需对胸腔积液患者行胸膜腔穿刺术,并对采集到的胸腔积液进行常规、生化、细菌培养及细胞学等检查。根据病因及性质不同可将胸腔积液分为漏出液和渗出液,但其局限性会导致对胸腔积液性质的误判,所以更加灵敏和特异的检查项目亟需确立。正确判断胸腔积液的性质是疾病治疗有效的前提,目前除了常规检查项目之外,对一些胸腔积液中的生物标志物进行检测作为辅助手段也被用于一些疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断。近年来,随着生物医学技术的进步,越来越多的生物标志物被发现并运用于临床,这些生物标志物的发现对病因学的认识、疾病诊断及鉴别诊断、预后评估都有着不可忽视的重要意义。本文将对数个胸腔积液中生物标志物的最新研究进展进行综述。
Pleural effusion is a common clinical complication, often based on the purpose of diagnosis or treatment, pleural effusion patients often need pleural puncture, and the collected pleural effusion routine, biochemical, bacterial culture and cytology And other checks. According to different etiology and nature pleural effusion can be divided into leakage and exudate, but its limitations will lead to misjudgment of the nature of pleural effusion, so more sensitive and specific examination of the urgent need to establish the project. Correctly determine the nature of hydrothorax is a prerequisite for the effective treatment of the disease, in addition to routine testing items, the detection of some biomarkers in pleural effusion as an adjunct is also used for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of some diseases. In recent years, with the advancement of biomedical technology, more and more biomarkers have been found and applied to clinical practice. The discovery of these biomarkers have not neglected the understanding of etiology, disease diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis The significance of This article reviews several recent advances in biomarkers in pleural effusions.