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中国古代儒士的穷达以及他们对穷达所持就的思想认识，很明显地呈现出历史阶段性，而每一阶段上又都有各异其趣的内容和特定的穷达意识。中国古代儒士的穷过大致可划分为三个相对独立的段落：先秦、汉唐与明清。此三个阶段中，尽管儒士们均表现为穷达有时，但由于时代及其他社会因素的差异，导致了他们在思想意识和人生行为上对于穷达有了不同的心理对待和行为选择，因而也就相应地表现出不同的文化价值及社会效应。本文主要论述了先秦、汉唐这两个时代大儒的穷达及其文化价值。
The paucity of ancient Chinese scholars and their understanding of the ideology held by the poor clearly show historical stages, and each stage has its own different content and specific sense of indebtedness. The impoverishment of ancient Chinese scholars can be divided into three relatively independent passages: Pre-Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties and Ming and Qing Dynasties. In these three stages, although the Confucian scholars showed their poorer performance at times, the differences in the times and other social factors led them to have different psychological treatment and behavioral choices for the poor in ideology and life-behavior. Thus correspondingly showing different cultural values and social effects. This article mainly discusses the poor Confucianists and their cultural values in the two periods of Pre-Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties.