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采用溶液流延法制备了不同五水硫酸铜(CuSO_4·5H_2O)含量的聚乙烯醇(PVA)/CuSO_4·5H_2O复合膜,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热失重分析(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、力学性能测试和透气性能测试等方法研究了CuSO_4·5H_2O对PVA薄膜的结构与性能的影响。结果表明,所制得的复合膜透明性好,Cu~(2+)可与PVA上—OH络合破坏PVA分子内和分子间的氢键作用,降低PVA的结晶度;该复合膜具有比纯PVA膜更高的拉伸强度和更低的断裂伸长率,表明Cu~(2+)交联可明显改善薄膜的力学性能;在75%相对湿度下CuSO_4·5H_2O的引入能促进薄膜对CO_2气体的透过作用,但对O_2的透过系数基本没有影响。
The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / CuSO_4 · 5H_2O composite films with different contents of CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O were prepared by solution casting. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mechanical properties and permeability testing were used to study the effect of CuSO_4 · 5H_2O on the structure and properties of PVA films. The results show that the prepared composite membrane has good transparency, Cu 2+ can be complexed with -OH on PVA to destroy the intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding in PVA, and reduce the crystallinity of PVA. The composite membrane has a specific surface area ratio Pure PVA film tensile strength and lower elongation at break, indicating that Cu ~ (2+) crosslinking can significantly improve the mechanical properties of films; the introduction of CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O at 75% relative humidity can promote the film pairs CO 2 gas permeation, but the permeability coefficient of O 2 basically has no effect.