本文报告２例乳癌根治术后放疗所致臂丛神经损害与放射性骨炎的长期随访观察结果。两例的共同点是：初诊时病期较晚，均有腋淋巴结受侵，作了根治术．均在同侧锁骨上复发后作了第二程照射，在出现臂丛神经受损的同时都有显著的纤维化表现。结合文献，对产生这类并发症的有关因素作了讨论。 This article reports the long-term follow-up results of brachial plexus injury and radiation osteitis caused by radiotherapy after radical mastectomy in 2 cases. The common points of the two cases are: the late stage of the disease at the time of the initial diagnosis, the axillary lymph nodes were invaded, and the radical operation was performed. All of them were irradiated on the ipsilateral clavicle for a second course of irradiation. There was significant fibrosis in the brachial plexus. Combined with the literature, the relevant factors that produce such complications are discussed.