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针对建筑物制冷系统人为热排放对城市气候和能源消耗影响越来越大的现状,利用改进后的建筑物能量模式BEM(Building Energy Model)与单层城市冠层模式SLUCM(Single Layer Urban Canopy Model)的耦合,实现对城市建筑物人为热排放的动态模拟;以2014年5月29日为例(北京地区极端高温个例),开展北京地区建筑物制冷系统人为热排放与城市气象环境相互作用的定量分析。WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)/Noah/SLUCM/BEM耦合模式模拟分析表明,模式在不加入人为热时,对夜间的热岛模拟偏弱,且基本无法模拟出白天的热岛效应;加入城市交通人为热排放后,对城市热岛强度和范围的模拟有一定改善;进一步加入建筑人为热排放对气温、热通量、边界层高度等的模拟效果均有不同程度的改进。加入BEM模拟的人为热后(case2),15:00(北京时,下同)主城区地表感热通量增加30~50 W·m~(-2),相应地2 m气温升高0.4~0.8℃,二者对应关系较好。case2中的人为潜热排放导致地表潜热通量增加80~140 W·m~(-2),水汽通量增加0.04~0.09 g·m~(-2)·s-1,中心城区2 m比湿增加0.5~0.9 g·kg~(-1),边界层高度升高100~150 m,且傍晚边界层高度开始下降的时间推迟了约1 h。加入建筑人为热后,气温等气象条件的变化会对建筑物制冷系统能耗及人为热排放产生影响。case2对比case1,建筑物制冷系统能耗增加了1.11%~3.33%,建筑物制冷系统排放的感热通量增大0.67%~1.67%、潜热通量增大0.625%~1.56%(达2.0 W·m~(-2)以上)。研究表明,在中尺度模式中动态模拟建筑物制冷系统的人为热排放,能够改进对近地层气象要素的模拟效果。
In view of the fact that anthropogenic heat emission in building refrigeration system has an increasing impact on urban climate and energy consumption, the improved building energy model BEM (Building Energy Model) and single layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) ) To realize the dynamic simulation of anthropogenic heat emission in urban buildings. Taking May 29, 2014 as an example (case of extremely high temperature in Beijing), the interaction between anthropogenic heat emission of building cooling system in Beijing and urban meteorological environment was carried out Quantitative analysis. Simulation results of WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) / Noah / SLUCM / BEM coupling model show that the model simulates the nighttime heat island weakly without adding artificial heat, and can hardly simulate the daytime heat island effect. Adding urban traffic man-made heat After discharge, the simulation of urban heat island intensity and range has been improved to a certain extent. Further addition of artificial anthropogenic heat emission can improve the simulation results of temperature, heat flux and boundary layer. After adding artificial simulated heat of BEM (Case2), the sensible heat flux increased by 30 ~ 50 W · m -2 in the main urban area at 15:00 (corresponding time: Beijing) 0.8 ℃, the correspondence between the two is better. In case2, the latent heat release from surface heat causes an increase in surface latent heat flux of 80-140 W · m -2 and an increase of water vapor flux of 0.04-0.09 g · m -2 · s -1. With the increase of 0.5-0.9 g · kg -1, the height of the boundary layer increased by 100-150 m, and the height of the boundary layer began to decline by about 1 h in the evening. After building man-made heat is added, changes in meteorological conditions, such as temperature, will affect the energy consumption and anthropogenic heat emission of the building’s refrigeration system. case2 Compared with case1, the energy consumption of the building cooling system increased by 1.11% -3.33%, the sensible heat flux of the building cooling system increased by 0.67% -1.67% and the latent heat flux increased by 0.625% -1.56% (up to 2.0 W · M ~ (-2) or more). Studies have shown that the artificial simulation of heat emission in a building cooling system in a mesoscale model can improve the simulation of meteorological elements in the near-surface layer.