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目的分析长沙地区无偿献血者HIV感染状况,为无偿献血宣传、招募、体检征询、献血者管理和血液检测等方面采取有效措施提供依据。方法收集长沙地区2006-2010年无偿献血者人口学资料及其血液标本550 283份,采用ELISA初筛检测,反应性标本用免疫印迹法(WB)进行确认,对感染率的分析采用χ2检验。结果长沙地区无偿献血者HIV感染率为0.0102%。2006-2010年感染率分别为0.0067%、0.0032%、0.0036%、0.0117%、0.0211%,近两年呈急剧增长趋势(趋势卡方检验χ2=26.3,P<0.05)。感染者年龄为28~37岁组感染率显著高于18~27岁组,分别为0.0227%、0.0089%(χ2=17.6,P<0.05)。男性感染率显著高于女性,分别为0.0163%、0.0029%(χ2=23.9,P<0.05)。职业分布中以无职业者感染率最高0.0303%,学生感染率最低0.0058%,职员、自由职业、公务员和工人的感染率分别为0.0182%、0.0185%、0.0208%、0.0215%,各组间感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.5,P<0.05),感染者中无职业者、职员和学生阳性构成比分别占30.3%、21.1%和19.3%。WB检测结果P55、P39条带存在较大个体差异。结论长沙地区无偿献血者HIV感染率近两年呈急剧上升趋势,感染者均为18~37岁年龄段,男性献血者感染率显著高于女性。
Objective To analyze the status of HIV infection in unpaid blood donors in Changsha and provide evidences for effective measures such as publicity, recruitment, medical consultation, blood donor management and blood testing. Methods The demographic data and blood samples of 550 283 blood donors from 2006 to 2010 in Changsha were collected and used for screening by ELISA. Reactive samples were confirmed by Western blotting. The infection rate was analyzed by χ2 test. Results HIV infection rate in unpaid blood donors in Changsha was 0.0102%. The infection rates in 2006-2010 were 0.0067%, 0.0032%, 0.0036%, 0.0117% and 0.0211%, respectively, showing a sharp increase in recent two years (trend chi square test χ2 = 26.3, P <0.05). The infection rate of infected persons aged 28-37 years was significantly higher than that of 18-27 years old (0.0227%, 0.0089%, respectively) (χ2 = 17.6, P <0.05). The infection rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (0.0163%, 0.0029%, respectively) (χ2 = 23.9, P <0.05). Occupational distribution of non-occupational infection rate was the highest 0.0303%, the lowest infection rate of students 0.0058%, staff, freelance, civil servants and workers infection rates were 0.0182%, 0.0185%, 0.0208%, 0.0215%, the infection rate among the groups The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 25.5, P <0.05). Among the infected patients, there was no occupation, and the positive proportion of staff and students was 30.3%, 21.1% and 19.3% respectively. WB test results P55, P39 band there is a larger individual differences. Conclusion The prevalence of HIV infection in unpaid blood donors in Changsha area has been rising rapidly in recent two years. All of the infected persons were in the 18-37 age group. The prevalence of HIV among male blood donors was significantly higher than that of women.