农村税费改革前,两工制度是为解决后集体化时期农村公共设施建设和维护的劳动力供给问题而创制。这种计划式、指令性的劳动力利用制度,与市场经济催生的农民自由和权利相违背。农民选择“弱者的武器”消极怠工,以农村人情活动来消解村干部的监管权力。农民在面对不符合其利益的制度时会选择依靠传统文化网络,自下而上地来消解村干部权力,其行动逻辑是道义与理性的结合,以低成本实现对制度的抗争。 Before the reform of rural taxes and fees, the system of two workers was created to solve the supply of labor for the construction and maintenance of public facilities in rural areas during the collectivization period. This system of planned and mandatory labor utilization runs counter to the freedom and rights of peasants born out of the market economy. The peasants have chosen “the weapons of the weak” to slack off their work and used the activities of the rural people to dissolve the supervisory power of the village cadres. In the face of the system that is not in line with their own interests, peasants will choose to rely on the traditional culture network to dispel village cadres’ powers from the bottom up. The logic of their actions is the combination of morality and rationality, and their struggle against the system at low cost.