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将自行研究生产的三嗪膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)添加到聚氨酯中制备阻燃硬质发泡聚氨酯(RPUF)材料,通过极限氧指数(LOI)研究了材料的阻燃性能,通过热重分析(TGA)测试研究了材料的热稳定性和成炭性能,通过扫描电镜(SEM)的测试了材料的泡孔结构及燃烧后炭层的表面形貌,同时还研究了阻燃剂添加量对材料的阻燃性能及压缩强度的影响。结果表明:纯RPUF材料的氧指数仅为18.7%,在空气中极易燃烧。当阻燃剂的添加量为25%时,材料的氧指数值提高到了26.1%,同时IFR的加入使得RPUF材料的压缩强度显著提升。TGA结果表明:阻燃剂的添加使得材料的起始热分解温度有所降低,但材料的残炭量得到了很大程度的提高。SEM结果表明:阻燃剂的加入对RPUF材料的泡孔结构影响不大,同时使材料燃烧后的炭层更加的致密和均匀,从而提高了材料的阻燃性能。
The self-developed triazine intumescent flame retardant (IFR) was added into polyurethane to prepare flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). The flame retardancy of the material was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) (TGA) was used to study the thermal stability and charring properties of the materials. The cell structure and the surface morphology of the carbon layer were tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of the amount of flame retardant added The flame retardant properties of materials and compressive strength. The results show that pure RPUF material has an oxygen index of only 18.7%, which is extremely flammable in the air. When the amount of flame retardant added is 25%, the oxygen index value of the material is increased to 26.1%, while the addition of IFR makes the compressive strength of RPUF material increase significantly. TGA results show that: the addition of flame retardant makes the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the material decreased, but the amount of carbon residue has been greatly improved. The SEM results show that the addition of flame retardant has little effect on the cell structure of RPUF, and at the same time, the carbon layer after combustion of the material is more dense and uniform, thereby improving the flame retardancy of the material.