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一、林价的内涵林价的理论基础,是马克思主义的地租学说和劳动价值论。从地租理论的角度看,地租是社会生产关系的产物。在资本主义生产方式下,由于存在着森林经营权和森林私有权的垄断,相应地产生了级差地租和绝对地租两种山林地租形式,林价则是森林地租的转化。在社会主义条件下,由于废除了森林资源的私有制和剥削关系,林价被认为是对自然收获物的一种税收。从劳动价值理论角度看,林价的经济实质是培育立木的人类抽象劳动的凝结,是立木价值的货币计量,或者称作立木价格。森林资源有两种不同的起源,即天然林和人工林。
First, the connotation of forest price The theoretical basis of forest price is Marxism’s theory of rent and labor value. From the perspective of land rent theory, rent is the product of social relations of production. Under the capitalist mode of production, due to the monopoly of forest management right and forest private ownership, there are two types of forest land rent, differential rent and absolute rent, respectively. The forest price is the conversion of forest rent. Under socialist conditions, forest prices are considered a tax on natural harvests due to the abolition of private ownership and exploitation of forest resources. From the perspective of labor value theory, the economic essence of forest price is the condensation of human abstract labor that fosters timber, the monetary measurement of standing tree value, or the price of standing tree. There are two different origins of forest resources, namely natural forests and plantations.