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轻度认知功能障碍( MCI)是认知正常和痴呆之间的过渡状态，积极研究MCI向痴呆进展的危险因素，注重识别早期认知障碍的危险因素，以防止或延缓MCI向痴呆的进展。 MCI向痴呆发展的机制极为复杂，且与多种因素相关。遗传因素、生物学标志物、神经精神症状、慢性疾病、影像学变化均是MCI向痴呆发展的危险因素，但是对临床有指导作用的危险因素以及有效干预措施尚不完善。因此，需要更多的研究来揭示MCI向痴呆进展的危险因素，临床医师应该采取积极有效的干预措施延缓MCI向痴呆进展。“,”Mild cognitive impairment( MCI) is a transition state between normal cognition and dementia. Positive research of risk factors for MCI developing into dementia,paying attention to identify risk factors for early cognitive impairment,can help to prevent or delay the progress of MCI into dementia. The mechanism of MCI developing into dementia is very complex,and is associated with a variety of factors. Genetic factors,bio-logical markers,nerve mental symptoms,chronic diseases,and imaging changes are risk factors for the MCI development into dementia,but the risk factors with clinical guiding function and effective intervention are not perfect yet. Therefore,more studies are needed to reveal the risk factors of MCI developing into dementia, and the clinicians should take positive and effective intervention measures to delay the progress of MCI into dementia.