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以脉冲水射流喷嘴为研究对象,建立其发射特性的数学模型。喷嘴内轮廓分别采用直线、指数曲线和高阶曲线。应用MATLAB中的动态仿真工具软件包SIMULINK对3种喷嘴出口射流速度和喷嘴内的静压力进行仿真研究。研究表明,喷嘴内水柱的压力和速度沿喷嘴出口方向显著增大,在出口处达到最大值。3种轮廓曲线喷嘴产生的水射流速度的增加率与喷嘴截面积的收缩率成正比;喷嘴内部压力也和喷嘴截面积的收缩率密切相关,收缩最缓慢的指数喷嘴其内部压力最小。
Taking pulsed water jet nozzle as the research object, a mathematical model of its emission characteristics was established. The inner contour of the nozzle adopts straight line, exponential curve and high-order curve respectively. The SIMULINK software was used to simulate the jet velocity and the static pressure inside the nozzle at the outlet of three kinds of nozzles. Studies have shown that the pressure and velocity of the water column inside the nozzle increase significantly along the nozzle exit and reach the maximum at the exit. The rate of increase of water jet velocity by nozzle with three contour curves is directly proportional to the shrinkage rate of nozzle cross section. The internal pressure of nozzle is also closely related to the shrinkage rate of nozzle cross section, and the internal pressure of nozzle with the slowest contraction is the lowest.