论文部分内容阅读
目的为了更好地维护和运转脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)实验室网络,并提供2004年维持无脊灰状态的实验室资料,总结2004年脊灰实验室网络的运转与监测情况。方法分析31个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例监测系统经计算机联网上报的AFP病例个案调查表数据库,和中国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)病毒病预防控制所国家脊灰实验室监测数据库。结果2004年31个省CDC,从5 229例AFP病例中收集10 399份粪便标本,所有粪便标本在L20B、RD细胞上同时进行病毒分离。从360例AFP病例粪便标本中分离到脊灰病毒(PV),分离率为6.9%;从495例AFP病例粪便标本中分离到非脊灰肠道病毒(NPEV),分离率为9.4%。国家脊灰实验室共收到省级CDC脊灰实验室送检的486株PV标本;其中360株分离于AFP病例,其余分离于AFP病例接触者、流动人口和健康人群。对486株使用聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切片段长度多态性分析进行型内鉴定,其中PVⅠ型疫苗株83株,Ⅱ型疫苗株160株,Ⅲ型疫苗株117株,混合型疫苗株92株,PV+NPEV10株,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型疫苗变异株分别为3、13、8株。将PV混合株进行单型分离后,用酶联免疫吸附试验进行型内鉴定,共鉴定单型毒株607株,其中疫苗类似株576株,占94.9%;非疫苗类似株11株,占1.8%;双反应毒株为17株,占2.8%;阴性2株,无效1株。所有型内鉴定异常的毒株和部分从零剂次服苗者分离的毒株共70株,做了VP1编码区全基因序列测定和分析,发现在贵州省贞丰县有Ⅰ型疫苗衍生脊灰病毒循环(cVDPVs),毕节市有单株Ⅱ型VDPV。2004年世界卫生组织使用5份盲样标本进行病毒分离职能考核,除3个省CDC脊灰实验室外,其余省CDC脊灰实验室均为满分。对18个省CDC脊灰实验室进行现场考核,全部通过认证。结论2004年中国继续保持无脊灰状态,脊灰实验室网络运转正常,实验室监测资料准确,监测系统敏感,为维持无脊灰提供了完整的实验室资料。
Objective To better maintain and operate the Poliomyelitis (polio) laboratory network and provide laboratory information on maintaining polio in 2004 and summarize the operation and monitoring of the polio laboratory network in 2004. Methods AFP case-based questionnaire database reported by the computer network in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and the AFP surveillance system were analyzed and compared with those of the CDC virus prevention and control institutes Polio laboratory monitoring database. Results In 2004, CDC of 31 provinces collected 10 399 stool specimens from 5 229 AFP cases and all the stool specimens were simultaneously virus isolated on L20B and RD cells. Poliovirus (PV) was isolated from the stool samples of 360 cases of AFP, the isolation rate was 6.9%. Non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) was isolated from 495 cases of AFP stool samples and the isolation rate was 9.4%. The National Polio Laboratory received a total of 486 PV specimens from provincial CDC polio laboratories. Of these, 360 were isolated from AFP cases and the rest were isolated from contacts, floating populations and healthy population of AFP cases. 486 strains were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Among them, 83 strains were PVⅠ, 160 were Ⅱ, 117 were Ⅲ and 117 92 strains, PV + NPEV10 strains, and 3, 13 and 8 strains of type I, II and III vaccines respectively. After the PV hybrids were separated by single type, 607 single-type strains were identified, of which 576 were vaccine-like strains, accounting for 94.9%; 11 were non-vaccine-like strains, accounting for 1.8 %; Double reactive strains of 17, accounting for 2.8%; negative 2, 1 invalid. All strains identified within the type of abnormal strains and part from the zero dose of sub-vaccine were isolated strains of 70 strains were done VP1 coding region of the whole genome sequence analysis and analysis found in Guizhou Zhenfeng County Type I vaccine-derived polio Virus cycle (cVDPVs), Bijie City has a single type VDPV. In 2004, WHO used 5 samples of blind samples for virus separation function examination. Except CDC polio laboratories in three provinces, the other provinces’ CDC polio laboratories were all full marks. CDC polio laboratories in 18 provinces on-site examination, all through certification. Conclusion In 2004, China continued to maintain a polio-free status. The polio laboratory network operated normally. Laboratory monitoring data were accurate and monitoring system was sensitive. Complete laboratory data were provided to maintain polio-free status.