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职业紧张(工作压力)导致的精神疾患已成为工业化国家主要的职业性疾患。日本和中国台湾地区已将职业紧张导致的精神疾患纳入职业赔偿性疾病范围,并制定了认定标准。本文对日本和中国台湾地区的认定标准进行介绍,内容包括目标疾病、认定条件、认定条件的具体判断、工作原因所致精神障碍的恶化、鉴别诊断等和《工作所致心理负荷评价表》及《非工作所致心理负荷评价表》两个附表。提出了制定防治策略,开展诊断标准和控制标准的研究,开展健康促进和加强多部门多专业协作的建议。
Mental disorders caused by occupational stress (work stress) have become major occupational disorders in industrialized countries. Japan and Taiwan, China, have included mental disorders due to occupational stress into the scope of occupational compensatory disease and set the standard of recognition. This paper introduces the identification criteria of Japan and Taiwan of China. The content includes the target disease, the specific conditions of the identified conditions, the conditions of the identification, the deterioration of the mental disorders due to working reasons, the differential diagnosis, and the Work-Induced Psychological Loads Evaluation Table “Non-work-induced psychological stress evaluation form” two schedules. Proposed the development of prevention and control strategies, carried out research on diagnostic criteria and control standards, and promoted health promotion and enhancement of multi-sector and multi-professional collaboration.