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干酪根热降解生油学说于1978年正式提出。其理论思维和实验方法均源于油页岩热降解生成页岩油的生产过程,理论依据是把烃源岩等同于油页岩,认为二者所含的有机物均为干酪根,既然油页岩加热至550℃能生成页岩油,那么烃源岩加热至相同温度也应生成石油。为此,效仿油页岩实验装置研制了烃源岩评价热解仪,按照油页岩热降解的实验温度,最终实现了烃源岩的生油过程。不难看出,该学说的理论内涵是用有机化学的实验方法,将地下烃源岩中含有的干酪根放在实验室内,研究干酪根仅在温度作用下的生油过程。这是典型的用有机化学的思维方法研究干酪根的生油过程,但烃源岩的生油问题是研究在地下石油地质环境和条件下干酪根的生油过程,也就是研究烃源岩在生油凹陷(或洼陷)这个地下“大实验室”范围内,干酪根受温度、压力及各种石油地质环境和条件影响下的生油过程。因此,只有用石油地球化学的思维方法和实验技术,才能客观真实地研究地下烃源岩的生油过程。
Kerogen thermal degradation of oil theory was officially put forward in 1978. The theoretical thinking and experimental methods are derived from the production process of shale oil generated by the thermal degradation of oil shale. The theoretical basis is that the source rock is equivalent to the oil shale, and the organic matter contained in both is considered to be kerogen. Shale heating to 550 ° C produces shale oil, and the source rock should also generate oil when heated to the same temperature. To this end, the oil shale experimental device developed a source rock evaluation pyrolysis instrument, according to the thermal degradation of oil shale experimental temperature, the ultimate realization of the source rock oil production process. It is not difficult to see that the theoretical connotation of this theory is to use organic chemistry experimental methods to place the kerogens contained in the underground source rocks in the laboratory to study the kerogen generation process under the action of temperature only. This is a typical organic chemistry thinking method of kerogen oil production process, but the source rock oil production problem is to study underground oil geology environment and conditions kerogen oil production process, that is, study of source rocks in Oil production depression (or depression) This underground “large laboratory ” range, kerogen by temperature, pressure and various petroleum geological conditions and conditions under the oil production process. Therefore, only with the geochemical thinking and experimental techniques of geochemistry can objectively and truly study the process of oil generation in underground source rocks.